Types of crop stress
Climatic factors
In the Mediterranean climate, the warm summers not only stand out due to their high temperatures, but also because they usually are accompanied by strong droughts.
The well-known water stress can be due to the lack of water (drought) as well as due to an excess of it (root asphyxia). As an example, the first occurs when the plant transpires more water than it absorbs. One of its first signs is the loss of cellular turgor pressure, which leads to cell dehydration, closure of the stomata and decreased photosynthetic capacity.
Lastly are the physical damages caused by climatic agents such as wind and hail, which cause partial or total ruptures in the plant with the subsequent production delays or losses that this entails.
